Crime

Pulp adventure novels: textbooks for crime

JDM090206grave2.jpg
Coins unearthed from the eunuch's grave (Beijing Morning Post)

In April, 2008, eight men were arrested for robbing the grave of a Ming Dynasty eunuch in Beijing's Shijingshan District. The Beijing Morning Post reported earlier this week that the grave-robbers learned their art by reading the blockbuster adventure series Ghosts Blow Out the Lights.

Yesterday, Sichuan's Tianfu Morning Post spoke to publishers about the possibility that they could be held liable for plot elements that aid and abet criminals:

Reports said that after the police made their arrests, they discovered that at first, the eight grave-robbers had lacked the necessary thieves' skills to match their desire; they coveted the treasures of the ancient tomb, but they had no clue how to go about robbing a grave. So they got together to study grave-robbing techniques, and Ghosts Blow Out the Light became their textbook. Their preparations before digging and their thieving techniques were identical to the ones described in the book.

The book said that grave-robbers had to pay attention to fengshui, so they learned how to identify fengshui. The book said that preliminary reconnaissance was very important, so they learned how to survey the land. Lacking sophisticated equipment, they copied the substantial amount of information the book revealed about digging techniques. As a result, they were able to open the tomb of the Ming Dynasty eunuch Jing Cong and carry off important artifacts like jade belt pieces, jade clasps, and a bronze mirror.

Reached for comment, employees of Shanghai Literature and Arts Press and Writers Publishing House generally agreed that special care should be taken in the examination of thrillers such as crime and detective novels, including grave-robbing fiction, to determine whether their contents could aid and abet crimes. However, this is a controversial issue in the publishing world: "Typically, standards for approval in publishing concern whether the work has political problems and whether it is pornographic or obscene. The possibility of details in the book being used as a criminal textbook is not within the scope of censorship. If you're going to screen based on that, then writing a detective novel will be impossible."

A source within publishing administration who did not wish to be identified said, "Under the present circumstances, we don't yet have the ability to screen the contents of detective novels. It's an issue of both manpower and relevant knowledge." Yet the individual also said that if the screening was too strict, then even Agatha Christie novels would be left hanging, because the plots of the most famous mystery writer in the world are often imitated by criminals.
...
Calls from netizens for a movement to halt publication of the book are discouraging to Anhui Literature and Art Publishing House. A general editorial office staff member complained that the accusations were unfair: publishers shouldn't have to shoulder that responsibility! "Ghosts Blow Out the Lights is a proper book. Before publication, we went through the administration's approval process."

The newspaper also talked to author Tianxia Bachang about his "criminal textbook." He was unapologetic: "Of course I know that grave-robbing is illegal, but I'm writing an adventure."

In addition, he admitted that the novel had little basis in reality:

"Even though I wrote a grave-robbing adventure story, please don't think that I've robbed graves. I've never been on any archeological projects, and I've never even visited the Ming Tombs. I based the novel on stories I heard and then built it up with my own flavorings. Eighty percent of the thing was completely made up." Tianxia Bachang emphasized repeatedly, "I maintained an honest, scientific outlook during the whole writing process. I wasn't intending anything else."

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There are currently 6 Comments for Pulp adventure novels: textbooks for crime.

Comments on Pulp adventure novels: textbooks for crime

the idea that the author here might have aided or abetted the crime is so sensational that it's almost beneath comment ;-)

simply stated, in most (if not all) legal jurisdictions, aiding and abetting liability would require, at a minimum, that the alleged "abettor" know of the crime and/or intend to facilitate its commission/furtherance.

I'm reminded of cases like The Anarchist Cookbook which has been banned by various jurisdictions, and particularly Hit Man, which was judged to be unprotected by the First Amendment and the publisher liable for crimes committed using the information it provides. Of course, that was a controversial decision, and whatever your stance on "instructional" books, it's pretty ridiculous to accuse the author of a fictional adventure series of intending to start his readers on a life of crime.

So violent video games leads to school shooting crowd finally migrated to china?

Games -> violence has popped up a number of times in the past. Blizzard was sued in 2006 when he committed suicide after playing Warcraft III, and there have been other cases of violence blamed on video games.

Joel,

Hit Man is an interesting analogue to the chinese grave-robbing publication.

thanks for bringing up the story.

curious, i pulled up the U.S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals decision which held that, as wikipedia (currently) reads, "Hit Man was not protected by the free speech/free press clause of the First Amendment."

an interesting idea, but not entirely accurate. i don't want to go hog-wild on tangential legal issues here in your comments, but the facts of the case are somewhat novel and, as such, you (if you're not familiar already with the case) might find them interesting.

the legal issues are far less troubling than wikipedia would have us believe.

quickly then:

the case arrived at the court as a wrongful death suit--a civil, not criminal, proceeding (like the successful O.J. Simpson suit) against the publisher of Hit Man, brought by the family of a man murdered by a "hit man" who had used the book as his guide during the murder.

very similar so far, essentially, to the grave robbing story above.

the question before the court in the Hit Man case, however, was not, however, whether the publisher was guilty of aiding and abetting the murder either criminally or civilly, but rather whether "the First Amendment absolutely bars the imposition of liability upon a publisher for assisting in the commission of criminal acts."

for reasons inexplicable to rational persons, the publisher-defendant stipulated before trial to a number of damning facts, admitting, essentially, that it had aided and abetted the murderer. to wit, that it:

"intended and had knowledge" that Hit Man actually "would be used, upon receipt, by criminals and would-be criminals to plan and execute the crime of murder for hire."

quite an extraordinary admission.

on the basis of that admission, the only issue before the court was a person or publisher is free to speak knowing and intending that its words would help further a criminal act or, in this case, "cause" a civil injury.

basically, you can't, without proper reason, shout "fire" in a crowded theater.

as the "business end" of the court's words read:

Because long-established caselaw provides that speech--even speech by the press--that constitutes criminal aiding and abetting does not enjoy the protection of the First Amendment, and because we are convinced that such caselaw is both correct and equally applicable to speech that constitutes civil aiding and abetting of criminal conduct (at least where, as here, the defendant has the specific purpose of assisting and encouraging commission of such conduct and the alleged assistance and encouragement takes a form other than abstract advocacy), we hold ... that the First Amendment does not pose a bar to a finding that Paladin is civilly liable as an aider and abetter of Perry's triple contract murder.

thus, contrary to the wikipedia quip cited above, neither the book nor its contents was held to be unprotected by the first amendment. the author, for example, was not held liable; nor is it unlawful to own a copy of the book.

rather, the publishers, who by their own words marketed the book such that it would be used in an actual hit, learned that the first amendment does not sanction the knowing facilitation of criminal acts.

*phew*

sorry for the extended spiel.

Gaming has certainly modified my behavior.

Hardly a Sunday goes by that I don't dress up in frog outfit and go play with the traffic on the 3rd Ring Road. Which is usually why it's so busy that day. The trick is to get to the other side, but you can only jump backwards or forwards one lane at a time. No running! I've been squished once or twice, and although my mother objected to the medical bills last time, I told her that I still had two lives left.

For something different, I also like to build bases to mine Tiberium in Chaoyang Gongyuan. But the forces of the Baoan there are always tank-rushing me and destroying my base before the first Tiberium carrier can return.

This month I'm going to try something different. I'm going to take my high-powered military sniper rifle, which costs $25,000 and can only be sold to legitimate military forces who have a certificate from their government (I'll have to see about getting one of those) and shoot pigeons in and around Beijing. There'll be a glowing orange halo around the ones I have to shoot, and if I get all 100 of them, I'll be that much closer to 100% completion in my life.

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