Ethan Zuckerman writes about
Michael Anti's presentation about Chinese blogs as part of a Berkman talk:
...since 2006, most of the interesting and dissenting news is coming from chat rooms. 2004 and 2005, he tells us, were the "golden years" for the Chinese blogosphere....and they're over now.... the Chinese internet has gone "back to the old years", and chat rooms have returned to importance. Chatrooms have existed in China since 1998, and they're popular venues for spreading "sharp news".... "We're making social change using web 1.0, not using web 2.0."
Web 2.0 is associated with democratization and decentralization in the US and Europe. These tools make it possible for people to have a voice, and for online voices to become powerful in an offline space. "But this can only happen in democratic countries," he argues. In China, the problem with these tools is that they're centralized, living on a single server. Block wordpress.com and you block millions of voices; blog twitter.com and you block the entire service. They're easy to control via firewalls and government centralized control.
But email and chatrooms aren't as centralized. There are chatrooms on thousands of servers, and it's hard for the government to block every chatroom overseas. It's easy to blog webmail, but people who use POP mail are difficult to block and prevent from talking about sensitive topics. Oddly enough, GMail remains unblocked in China - Anti believes it's because so many government officials and businessmen use it, and it would be difficult to block it without negative implications for powerful people.
"We don't need new media theory to explain blogs in China: blogs are old media," Anti argues. "We had no media before 1996 - we had propoganda." In propoganda, the party speaks to you - it's exclusively one-way communication. The internet introduces the idea of bi-directional media, and creates media as we understand it for the first time in China in 1996.
More information from
David Weinberger.