Hello! Comrade! Gay China
Designer Xander Zhou guest edits the new issue of iLook magazine, "Gay China" (中国真高兴). ChinaHush presents a brief overview of the issue.
« August 9, 2009 - August 15, 2009 | Main | August 23, 2009 - August 29, 2009 »
August 22, 2009
August 21, 2009
Lead-affected children have lower IQs
The story of Hunan children with too much lead in their blood has consumed the media lately. Bloomberg reports:
Children exposed to lead at five times the normal limit from a smelter in China may become less intelligent than healthy peers, doctors specializing in the effects of poisons said.
They may also have impaired kidney function and anemia, said Michael Moore, who advised the Australian government as a former director at Australia’s National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology. The extent of damage depends on how long they have been breathing in lead-contaminated air, he said.
Can China have a global voice?
Global Times interviews the dean of the School of Journalism at Tsinghua University, associate professor of the School of Journalism at Fudan University and other media professionals.
China's "beat and compress" mode
At the Telegraph blog, Malcolm Moore lists the activists, bloggers, lawyers, authors etc that have been arrested in recent times:
Yesterday, it emerged that yet another leading intellectual, Mo Zhixu, has been put under house arrest. Mo is an author and the recently elected head of China’s PEN centre, a charity that defends the right to free speech. He is also one of the founders of Bullog.cn, one of China’s most influential websites.
Mo joins a host of prominent Chinese thinkers, charity workers and lawyers who have been rounded up this year and locked away. We’ve put together a list to record them all.
Rem Koolhaas and CCTV architecture porn
Chinese netizens are buzzing about a five-year-old book containing graphic images which suggest that the new CCTV headquarters was designed to place enormous genitalia in Beijing. (Update: Koolhaas responds.)
Finding good in Sodom
Leung Man-tao (梁文道), a social commentator and TV critic who has published books as well as written numerous newspaper articles and blog posts, penned a blog post on August 13 inspired by Xu Zhiyong's disappearance and the rape of a petitioner at the Juyuan Hotel in Beijing this month.
Shi Dongbing's fabricated inside information
The children of a number of high-level national leaders, including Hu Yaobang, Ye Jianying, Wang Dongxing, Ji Dengkui, and Hua Guofeng, blasted Shi for "distorting historical fact" and "fabricating history."
How can speech threaten state security?
China Digital Times translates a defense plea entered by lawyers for Tan Zuoren, an activist now on trial in Chengdu in connection with an investigation into schools that collapsed in the earthquake, as well as activities for the 20th anniversary of June 4:
The matters described above are sufficient to prove that none of the accusations of the prosecution about the speech and actions of Tan Zuoren constitute the crime described in Article 151 in the PRC Criminal Code of “incitement to overthrow state power”. The accusation that Mr. Tan Zuoren committed this crime fails for lack of evidence.
Sichuan since ancient times has been a place where cultured people gather. Many heroes have arisen throughout the history of Chengdu. We are confident that Sichuan has sufficient political wisdom to handle the Tan Zuoren case.
August 20, 2009
More parents protest over lead poisoning
Reuters sums up State media reports about children with lead contaminated blood:
The number of Chinese children found with excess lead in their blood near a metal plant in central China has reached 1,354, state media said on Thursday, with new clashes between police and parents over pollution.
The rise in initial diagnoses of poisoning around the Wugang Manganese Smelting Plant in Hunan province adds to a recent rash of such cases, which have exposed growing tensions between local governments and residents over pollution, often by poorly regulated plants and factories with ties to local government.
Internet blocks make China a dead zone for online business
On the China Solved blog:
The few big sites that have been blocked and hobbled in China are powering thousands of small businesses and driving the future of online commerce. China has become a dead-zone for any business planning on building an international online business.
Local justice to steer petitioners away from Beijing
The AP, expanding on a Xinhua report, says that Chinese authorities have instructed local officials to improve their handling of petitioners' cases with the help of legal experts who will be dispatched throughout the country:
The official Xinhua News Agency said Wednesday that the inability of the current system to address the petitioners' cases has marred the public's perception of justice.
To rectify this, the Communist Party will send legal officials to visit provinces and other areas with a high number of petitioners who come to Beijing and will hear cases on the spot, Xinhua reported.
Important officials from local politics and law committees in every province, city and county have been told to set aside one day a month to meet with petitioners, it said. Government Web sites should also receive petitions online and they should be solved within 60 days, Xinhua said.
The BBC reports the news under the headline "China bans petitioners in Beijing."
"Fight, look cool, show your muscles"
The New York Times profiles Donnie Yen:
“Donnie is the ‘it’ action person right now,” said the producer and director Peter Ho-Sun Chan, who cast Mr. Yen, 46, in “Bodyguards & Assassins,” a big-budget period action film directed by Teddy Chen that is set for release in Asia in December, and about six months later in Europe and North America. “He has built himself into a bona fide leading man, who happens to be an action star.”
Earlier on Danwei: Donnie Yen meditates on violence (from Esquire)
August 19, 2009
Beijing's intimidation tactics
Andrew Shearer, Director of Studies at Lowy Institute for International Studies, has an op-ed in the Wall Street Journal about Australia's need to hold its own ground in face of China's challenges, as well as what's going on behind the arrests:
But the more fundamental reason for Beijing's pique probably lies elsewhere. China relies on Australia for imports of iron ore, the price negotiations for which are increasingly acrimonious. China's political leaders see guaranteed access to low-cost raw materials as vital to sustaining growth and therefore to political legitimacy and their own survival. That makes minerals and energy a vital strategic interest. They are determined to exploit China's buying muscle to avoid paying the going market price. And they clearly aren't beyond a bit of intimidation. Smaller Asian countries such as Singapore and larger European powers like France have paid a price for incurring Beijing's wrath.
The great paradox of China: green energy and black skies
Christina Larson at Yale Environment 360 reports on China's unhealthy clime compared to its "green-tech revolution." Via Reuters:
From the outside, China is seen as passing spectacular new renewable energy goals, building massive wind farms and hydropower stations overnight and perhaps one day even giving American and European companies a run for their money in the global green-tech market. But from the inside, what emerges is a more muddled picture. The daily experience is that the air and water quality is bad, in some places getting marginally better or staying the same, in some cases getting worse.
Wolf Totem to come to the big screen (finally)
The AFP reports that Jean-Jacques Annaud will direct the film adaptation of the mega-bestseller Wolf Totem, with shooting to start in 2011:
"It's a difficult script to write, I'll need at least six months," he said.
The French filmmaker said he was looking forward to working in China, and said the criticism he received from authorities over "Seven Years in Tibet", which offered a sympathetic portrayal of the Dalai Lama, was in the past.
"I told them right away that I had done that film, but they told me that the situation had changed, that mentalities had evolved, that it was in the past," he said.
Practically since the book's initial publication, a film version has been rumored to be in the works. The AFP does not say whether New Zealand effects house WETA is involved. (According to this erroneous report, the Wolf Totem movie was supposed to premiere before the Beijing Olympics...)
Beijing October 1 security to be tighter than Olympics
From The China Daily:
More street-level checkpoints and extensive searches of individuals - especially those who have been residents of Beijing for a short time - are among security initiatives police in the capital will take as they look to "nip threats in the bud" during National Day celebrations.
With a little more than a month to go before the Oct 1 festivities in Beijing that will mark the nation's 60th birthday, police have been told to beef up their anti-terror efforts, likely to a higher level than was seen during the 2008 Olympic Games...
...Beijing will also have 800,000 volunteers on patrol before and during the National Day celebrations.
$41 billion dollars of Australian natural gas for China
The China Daily's top headline is Australian moves sour relations, referring to the political kerfuffle around Rebiya Kadeer's visit down under, but just underneath the headline is a link to this story:
China, Australia ink $41B gas deal, biggest ever
Australia and China struck their biggest trade deal ever on Tuesday as the world's two most valuable listed oil companies, Exxon Mobil and PetroChina, agreed a $41 billion liquefied natural gas deal.
August 18, 2009
Xu Zhiyong formally arrested
Reuters via Financial Times reports:
A pioneering Chinese legal rights advocate has been formally arrested for tax evasion almost three weeks after he was detained, one of his lawyers said on Tuesday, in the latest blow to the China’s activist community.
Xu Zhiyong, co-founder of the Open Constitution Initiative, or Gongmeng, had been out of contact since he was seized from his home by security officials at dawn on July 29.
单位网《中国新闻周刊》问答： 维族年轻人充满着理解和隐约地兴奋
2009年8月
王刚
单位网: 在您(们)为这次事件刚到达新疆的时候，您的感觉如何？
王刚: 我是7月6日下午到的乌鲁木齐，当地大约下午四点，乌鲁木齐地窝堡机场不见有暴力的迹象，机场的安保没有明显增多，一切看似正常。只是原本的两个出入口，减少到了一个，不许迎接的人进去机场大厅。机场进出的游客明显少了很多。
在从机场到市区的一路上车辆少得可怜，更不见行人，这个城市里的人感觉像是集体去度假了。市面萧条，所有的商场和铺面都已歇业。
当地政府已经在这一天的早上通知全城各单位放假三日。大多数的人显然都躲在家里，但很多人觉得这不是一个好事，有事做显然比无所事事的活在恐惧中，更让人心安。
进入市区，我们率先驱车去了昨晚发生暴力流血的几个主点地区。比如大巴扎、二道桥，没有见到烧毁的汽车残骸，只是沿街的店铺和马路上有些燃烧过的痕迹。
然后不出所料地我们见到了大队的武装警察。说实话，这让人有了不少安全感。但第一天，武装警察没有我想像中那么多。
我们所在的宾馆位于二道桥附近，是暴力事件的重点发生地。当天晚上，武警采取了交通管制，大街上汽车少得可怜，在每个十字路口武警都设置了路障。
和中国其他城市一样，这个城市的中心，有一所平时属于市民的大广场——人民广场。如今，这里已经被武警占据，成了临时的武警指挥部，市民禁止入内。
晚上我们搬进了附近的一家宾馆，从楼上望去，广场里是黑压压的武警。
单位网: 您(们)以前去过新疆吗？ 这此去了之后有感觉到关系的不同吗？
王刚: 我小时候在新疆生活过一段时间。那时候我的父亲在北疆当兵，我和母亲随军。当时我们在石河子，一个除了军队就是大戈壁的小城镇，如今这里听说已经成了新疆最花园的城市。当年的印象已然无多，但在我感觉里那时候，维族是很哈霭可亲的，维汉关系远没有如今这么紧张。
而这一次，在乌鲁木齐维汉关系的不协调处去无处不在。在大街上，作为一个汉族，我很容易就能收获到来自维族不友善的目光。这种不友善就像在大城市，人们对于维族人普遍的不放心一样。在上海、北京和广州，稍微有些生活经验的人，都会在看见维族人的时候试图离得远些。因为很多时候，这些人与小偷小摸联系在了一起。
这种不放心的心态，在内地城市已经存在了将近十年。因此在新疆，维族人聚居的地方，一个汉族被维族人当做猴子来看，也是见怪不怪的。
我想说的是，作为一个理智的人，如果说维族排斥汉族，那么也是汉族首先让维族感觉到疏离感的。
单位网: 您觉的中国读者是怎样看《中国新闻周刊》对新疆“打，砸，烧” 7.5 的报道的？
王刚: 在普遍不了解新疆局势的中国读者眼里，对于7.5事件充满着惊愕和不理解。毕竟“56个民族是一家”的概念已经在人们心目中根深蒂固。但说实话，很多人也明白7.5事件并非偶然的一小撮人为之。事实上每个人心里都存在一个疑问，如果是一小撮人之间的误解和煽动，事态总会消弭于无形。但最终酿成了如此惨剧，每个人心中都会有自己的答案。但遗憾的是，我接触到的很多读者，都认为中国的民族政策过于软弱了，对于维族人过于迁就了。这种对立的心态一度让我很苦恼。
单位网: 《中国新闻周刊》对这种突发事件有什么样的准备——您们的报道形势和过程是怎样的？
王刚: 《中国新闻周刊》有一套成熟的应对突发事件的程序。我们在第一时间监测到事件发生时，就会派出记者赴时间发生第一线，组织采访和报道。这一次，我们预判7.5事件将会是今年一起重大的新闻事件后，编辑部决定派两名记者赴前线采访。我们到的那天已经是星期一了，本刊每周的截稿日在周二，因此我们第一组封面报道只有一天的采访时间，只能将最初的所见所闻照实全录。
在第一组封面报道里，我们见证了7月7日，汉族人集体上街游行的全过程，并且在稿件里充分客观的表现了这些。这是国内第一家周刊，对汉族人上街游行进行全程报道的。因为在当地，7.5事件已经造成了汉维之间仇恨和误解的加深。
完成了第一个封面后，编辑部决定加派人手，在第二期做一个有足够深度和广度的封面。于是，我们在前线的记者增加到了三个。
第二组我们重点将力度放在了汉维关系的深度观察上，我们试图通过一些汉维混居的地区，汉维混血的人物，敏感的大学校园入手，从这些地方去考察汉维关系的细枝末节。
我们了解到整个暴力事件的实施者是一大批失意的维族年轻人，因此我们也把观察的重点放在了他们身上，我们希望了解他们心灵深处的失落感来自于哪里，而造成这些失落感的根本原因又是什么。好在我们最终大致找到了答案。7.5事件只不过是一系列社会矛盾的一个极端集体爆发，参与其中的暴力实施者的诉求事实上是各不一样的，他们有些是因为失业；有些是因为走不出去，在内地受排挤；有些是因为贫穷。总之，这些社会问题的爆发点最终却发生在汉维关系这个最脆弱、敏感的地方。
单位网: 讲外国驻华的新闻媒体，您觉的他们自由的在新疆报道都有什么好处？有什么坏处？
王刚: 事实上，这一次外国驻华的新闻媒体在采访自由度上并没有让我感觉有更宽的尺度和自由。因为一些客观原因，外国驻华的新闻媒体更多采访到的是一些底层的人物，这些我们同样也能做到，而我们约见的一些核心人物，他们却不具备这个便利。因此，外国驻华的新闻媒体更多的把目光放在维族底层群体的三言两语上，说实话这些言论都是很破碎且不足够全面客观的。
因为关于汉维关系，100个人有100个人的说法，这无法让记者得到一个足够清晰明了的线索。因此，外国驻华的新闻媒体此次的报道在我看来是琐碎， 不完整的。
单位网: 您是否会认为这次国外媒体又次的跟去年“藏独”事件一样带着偏见性的报道？为什么这么说？
王刚: 没有所谓的偏见。发生此类暴力流血事件，作为每一个记者都是带着人文关怀的心态且宽容的去看待问题的。只不过局限于角度和眼界，每个记者看到的只是事件的不同面而已。
事实上，在我看来，将任何事件还原为简单的新闻报道都是愚蠢的，新闻报道是展现事件背后的复杂性和丰富面，如果只是一味地简单到“一小撮”或者“民族压迫”的控诉。
那不是一个记者的偏见，而是愚蠢。
当年，在孟菲斯黑人大罢工，最终造成了马丁·路德金的中弹身亡的惨案，也不是简单的“一小撮”和“种族政策”的问题。
单位网: 事情过去快两个星期了。您们的报道在两刊的杂志也发了。过了这段时光，您对7.5事件的看法有何改变呢？
王刚: 我的看法从未改变。一，事件不是一小撮暴力分子为之。二，7.5事件是一系列社会矛盾的一个极端集体爆发，其中有强烈的民族矛盾，但并非全部。三，新疆的民族问题由来已久，也不是一天两天突然爆发的，新疆五六十年代出现的民族大团结也是在当时那个特殊的历史环境中形成的，在如今当下的社会环境里已经行不通了。因此，中国的民族政策的确到了转变思路的时候。四，内地对于新疆的排斥、汉族人对于维族人的误解，事实上，早于新疆对于内地的排斥，维族人对于汉族人的敌意。所以说，是这个社会首先让维族人感受到了明显失落感。这是无法逃避的事实。
单位网: 有博客说，中国的新闻读者和外国的新闻读者对类似这次新疆事件(民族事件)有着不可兼容的观点，各国的媒体文章也是。您是否阅读国外的文章，喜欢哪些媒体，不喜欢哪些？
王刚: 看新闻我只看事实，很少看观点。而且做了这么多年新闻，我一般比较排斥那些意气用事的报道文字。我经常阅读很多国外媒体的文章，在一些国际问题的报道上，国外媒体时常显得目光很独到。比如纽约时报、纽约客、TIME、经济学人等等，好了要是列举，这一页纸的空白都将填满的。
我承认在一些问题上，中国的新闻读者和外国的新闻读者有着不可兼容的观点。就像很多时候我跟很多我的被采访者的观点也无法兼容一样。
单位网: 有其余的想法，请写在这里：
王刚: 在对一些当地维族年轻人重点采访后，一批维族精英青年对7.5事件的看法，让我对这个世界充满了失望。在我采访的几个年轻人，他们对于7.5事件的暴力流血场面，充满着理解和隐约地兴奋。在他们看来，正是这么一次极端暴力的流血事件，让全世界都关注到了维族人的生活状况以及他们面临的社会问题。
说实话，他们的率真让我震惊。此后的几个夜里我都为此夜不能寐。这些年轻人大多是受过良好教育的维族青年，但他们身上对于社会问题的感知也更深，比如失业、贫富差别等等，因此来自外部的失落感也更强，他们的激进让每一个外部观察者为之震惊。在采访后，我不得不承认，他们是整个7.5事件的暴力之源。
而另一面，来自南疆的、受教育较低的一些年轻人，他们却相对的温和许多。他们对于生活的诉求不高，对于社会问题的感知也是零星的一点半点，他们失落感不是很强，他们只是7.5事件中的胁从者。
在整个乌鲁木齐，任何人都觉得此次事件的影响将持久和深远。它将肯定是这个地区，长久以来的一个伤疤。但人们都不愿将他简单对立到汉维关系上，因为那将是这个城市两个民族之间的深渊。
因此，这个城市的人表现的很矛盾且小心翼翼，他们既不忘暴力的隐痛，又不敢直面最深层次的那些问题。
单位网: 您们觉得中国媒体现在的开放度会在年底或者国庆后放开吗，明年会不会更紧？
王刚: 对于这个问题，我从未乐观过。因此更不好预计。
单位网: 您认为这个收缩性的新闻开放度有没有影响到您们自己多年的报道？
王刚: 说实话，已经这么多年了，面对这种有限的新闻开放，一个记者怎么也都该习惯了。我说的习惯不是适应了，而是对于不可改变的无能为力。
有限的新闻环境对于我们的报道肯定有影响，很多时候我写的文章都会被主管宣传的领导改得面目全非，最终变得词不达意，欲言又止。但至少每一次，我都认真客观的把自己的想说的写出来，欣喜的是，有时候主管宣传的领导也时常大意，让一些敏感的真相不知不觉的刊发出来。
而事实上，这个社会对于新闻自由的宽松度已经越来越大。这是谁也遮不住得。
王婧
单位网: 在您(们)刚到达新疆的时候，您的感觉如何？
王婧: 我们是7月6日晚上6点左右到的乌鲁木齐。坐在从机场开往市区的车上，唯一的感觉是冷清。两边的店铺均已关门，几乎看不到行人，宽阔的马路上，车很少。司机说，平时这个时间点上，这条路总堵车。这是晚上6点多，太阳还没有落。这个安静得极其诡异的城市，让我无法想象一天以前的“暴乱”究竟是怎样的。唯一让我感受到那么一点点“暴乱”气氛的，是街上随处可见的武警。他们甚至在街头现场演练。
从医院采访结束回到新闻大厦，已经是晚上8点多。因为急着上网看新闻，才猛地意识到，这个暴乱过后的城市，已经成为了信息孤岛——全疆断网。
紧接着是晚上9点，全城再次戒严——这意味着，我们无车可坐，寸步难行，只能呆在新闻大厦，甚至，我们没有地方可以吃饭，因为新闻大厦周围的小饭馆，早已停止营业。
身为记者，虽然已经到了最核心的地方，但我对这场“暴乱”的了解，几乎为零
我想下楼去了解一些情况，分社的记者说，“这里只有汉人和维人，没有旁观者的角色，下去实在是太危险。”新闻大厦的对面，就是维族聚居地。
最终还是下楼了。叫上保安一起前往一家被砸的小便利店时，保安说，确实不安全，因为你永远不知道，是不是从哪个黑暗的旮旯里会钻出一伙手持棍棒的暴徒。我们距离武警还有50米时，就被呵斥“不许动！”
虽然如此，我仍然固执地认为，这个城市，是安静的、平和的。
单位网: 您(们)以前去过新疆吗？这此去了之后跟以前来比又有什么样的不同？
王婧: 我是第一次到新疆。说实话，乌鲁木齐给我的感觉是非常好的，因为在采访的过程中能够感觉到，不管是汉人还是维人，他们都是非常友好的，而且很好客。
单位网: 您觉的中国读者是怎样看《中国新闻周刊》对新疆"打，砸，烧" 7.5 的报道的？
王婧: 应该还不错吧……听说杂志卖得很好，但很遗憾，我在新疆当地没有买到杂志。
单位网: 《中国新闻周刊》对这种突发事件有什么样的准备----您们的报道形势和过程是怎样的？
王婧: 第一时间赶往现场，永远是没有错的。后方提供了一定程度上的资讯支持，但是由于新疆全疆断网，成为一个信息孤岛，所以前后方的联系并不像以前处理突发事件那样，前后方有一个密切的资讯上的配合。
单位网: 对于外国驻华的新闻媒体来讲，您觉的他们自由的在新疆报道都有什么好处？有什么坏处？
王婧: 其实我们好像也比较自由的吧。我的感觉是，如果采访所谓的“三股势力”，外媒应该比我们有优势。坏处是，其实绝大多数的新疆人，经历过314事件之后，对外媒还是持有一定的看法，所以很多普通人不愿意接受外媒的采访。
单位网: 您是否会认为这次国外媒体又次的跟去年"藏独"事件一样带着偏见性的报道？为什么这么说？
王婧: 我觉得会好一些。这次官方密集地召开新闻发布会，使得偏见很难在事实层面上存在。
单位网: 事情过去一个多星期了。您们的报道也发了。过了这段时光，您对7.5事件的看法有何改变呢？
王婧: 阴影可能还会在一个很长的事件内存在并影响着新疆人的生活。
单位网: 有博客说，中国的新闻读者和外国的新闻读者对类似这次新疆事件(民族事件)有着不可兼容的观点，各国的媒体文章也是。您是否阅读国外的文章，喜欢哪些媒体，不喜欢哪些？
王婧: 暂时还没有读。
单位网: 有其余的想法，请写在这里：
王婧: 作为一名新记者，入职后第一次出差报道就是75事件。在新疆，有同行和我说，我很幸运，很多记者可能一辈子都没有这样的机会。所以我很珍惜。
China needs to do some growing up
The Financial Times Dragonbeat blog decides after the Rio Tinto arrests. Arthur Kroeber writes:
So should we cheer? Not really. If the best that China can say about itself is that it is not as bad as Russia, it has a ways to go before it is entitled to be taken seriously as a “responsible stakeholder” in the international economic order, let alone the global leader that some of its more enthusiastic publicists would claim it already is.
August 17, 2009
Peter Hessler and laowai nuzi
Gina Anne Russo writes about stereotypes about foreign woman in China, and the cultural expectations surrounding Chinese women:
What I would instead like to talk about is my third frustration with this book, which is by no means Hessler's fault: his lack of discussion of not only the racial awareness but also the gender awareness that comes with being a foreigner in China. He talks briefly of women in China, and specifically about relationships between men and women in China (and how this overlaps with racial differences). One thing I've learned this year is that racial identity and gender identity are inextricably linked, and I'd like to take this post to talk about my personal experiences with the struggles associated with being a laowai nuzi, or a foreigner woman, in China.
via The China Beat.
Rape and beatings in a Beijing "black jail" hotel
A petitioner from Anhui who came to Beijing was detained in a "petitioners' hotel" and raped. Her attacker, a guard, has since been arrested. Black and White Cat translates the Southern Weekly article that first exposed the incident in the national press.
Prostitutes vs. government officials: questioning the survey results
ESWN points out a few facts about the recent credibility poll that put prostitutes far ahead of government officials. First, it was an online poll, and second, the tabulation methods used were completely different from previous years, resulting in a survey that is "a waste of time at best, and misleading at worst."
Henan steel mill sale halted after protests
Keith Bradsher in the New York Times reports that the privatization of a state-owned steel mill in Anyang, Henan Province, has been suspended following large-scale protests last week:
The newspaper China Daily reported on Saturday that the police had tried to break through the ranks of workers on Friday in the latest incident, at the Linzhou Iron and Steel Company in the city of Anyang.
China Daily did not say whether the police had been successful. Government agencies at all levels have been reluctant to use overwhelming force against protesting workers.
The New York Times article contextualizes and expands on the original Xinhua report, which is fairly in-depth itself.